The process of meiosis and fertilization (with rare exceptions) results in a zygote with either two X chromosomes (an XX female) or one X and one Y chromosome (an XY male) which then develops the typical female or male phenotype. Sexual dimorphism is a term for the phenotypic difference between males and females of the same species. These differences are caused by the effects of the different sex chromosome complement in males and females, and differential exposure to gonadal sex hormones during development. Sex differences in human physiology are distinctions of physiological characteristics associated with either male or female humans. Example of male and female anatomy from front and back. For general sex differences in humans, see Sex differences in humans.
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